DR. ELI A. ROSENTHAL, M.D.

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This study looked at a medical procedure called transcatheter patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure in infants who weigh between 2 and 6 kilograms. Of the 1,231 infants treated, 95% successfully had the procedure, but 14% faced significant complications, such as device-related issues or even death. Notably, infants weighing 2 to 3.9 kilograms were at a higher risk of complications, which can help doctors make better decisions about which patients might need extra care. Who this helps: This research benefits doctors and healthcare providers working with infants who require PDA closure.

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This study looked at the use of pafolacianine (Cytalux) for helping doctors find and remove cancer in the head and neck during surgery. Researchers found that this imaging agent did not effectively help visualize tumors, showing low levels of tumor targeting with a brightness score of only around 7.4, compared to a successful control agent that reached up to 32.1. These results are important because they indicate that pafolacianine is not useful for this type of surgery, allowing doctors to avoid using resources on a treatment that won’t help patients. Who this helps: This helps doctors make better decisions for treating patients with head and neck cancers.

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This study looked at fetuses with a slow heart rate (bradycardia) and specific heart rhythm issues to see how they are related to a condition called long QT syndrome (LQTS). Among 22 fetuses studied, 13 were found to have genetic markers for LQTS, with the average heart rate for those with sinus rhythm being 120 beats per minute. This research is important because it helps doctors understand which fetuses are at risk for serious heart problems, allowing for better management and counseling during pregnancy. Who this helps: This helps expectant parents and healthcare providers who are monitoring fetal health.

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This study looked at a new mobile app called SRAVI that helps patients who have had their voice box removed (total laryngectomy) communicate after surgery. Out of the 16 patients who used the app, 43% of their messages were correctly recognized on the first try, and overall accuracy was 67%. Most patients preferred using the app over writing, helping them talk to doctors and family during their recovery, making communication much easier in a tough time. Who this helps: This helps patients recovering from total laryngectomy and their families.

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This study looked at how well the VenusP-valve, a special heart valve implanted without major surgery, works over a period of 5-10 years for patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation. Out of 58 patients treated, 56 (96.6%) had a successful valve placement, and none experienced serious complications like death or significant valve issues. The patients showed improvements in their heart's performance, which lasted well beyond the initial treatment period. Who this helps: This benefits patients with heart valve issues and their doctors by providing a safer, effective treatment option.

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The study looked at three patients who needed a type of surgery called thoracic endovascular aortic repair, which typically has strict rules on how to use it. Because these patients had unusual body shapes or medical issues, doctors had to use the stent grafts in ways that weren't originally intended. The findings show that this method can be valuable for treating complex aortic problems when standard procedures aren’t possible. Who this helps: This helps patients with complex aortic conditions who might not be eligible for standard treatments.

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This study looked at why people who inject drugs often end up back in the hospital after treatment for infections related to their drug use. Researchers interviewed 36 healthcare providers and found that issues like lack of training in addiction care and difficulties getting consistent care play large roles in these readmissions. Participants showed strong support for two proposed strategies: better care integration for addiction and infections, and helping patients connect with follow-up care after leaving the hospital. Who this helps: This benefits patients who inject drugs and the healthcare teams treating them.

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This study looked at a new way to fix a heart defect called sinus venosus defects (SVD) in children and teenagers, using a minimally invasive procedure instead of surgery. Out of 54 young patients treated, 98.1% had successful closures without major complications, with only one needing surgery for a serious issue. These findings are important because they show that this procedure is safe and effective, potentially reducing the need for more invasive surgical options for young patients. Who this helps: This benefits children with sinus venosus defects and their doctors.

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This study focused on improving the diagnosis of necrotizing soft-tissue infections (NSTIs), which can be deadly with a mortality rate of around 30%. Researchers tested a new imaging technique called dynamic contrast-enhanced fluorescence imaging that helps visualize the condition quickly and accurately by highlighting specific blood clot features in the tissue. The study involved seven hospitals and aimed to develop consistent methods for using this technology, which could significantly speed up diagnosis and treatment. Who this helps: This benefits patients suspected of having necrotizing soft-tissue infections by leading to faster and more accurate diagnoses.

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This study focused on a rare heart condition called sinus venosus defect (SVD) and explored a new, less invasive method using a specialized stent to repair it. Researchers treated five patients, finding that all successful stent placements improved their symptoms, and none had complications. Notably, three patients needed an additional stent to ensure complete repairs, but overall, the approach showed promise for helping patients with complicated heart issues. Who this helps: This benefits patients with congenital heart defects, especially those not eligible for traditional surgery.

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This study looked at the use of special imaging technology during surgery to detect hidden cancer spread along nerves in a patient with a specific type of throat cancer. The procedure showed a strong signal indicating cancer presence on the hypoglossal nerve, which was later confirmed by biopsy. This approach could help doctors find and remove cancerous cells that may not be visible during standard surgery, potentially improving patient outcomes. Who this helps: This helps patients with head and neck cancer, particularly those at risk for nerve involvement.

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This study looked at how factors like a child's sex, age, race, and ethnicity influence how parents and teachers rate the impact of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on a child's life, including their relationships and academic performance. Out of over 3,000 parents and teachers surveyed, it was found that all six areas rated by parents showed significant differences based on these characteristics, while teachers only noted differences in two areas. Understanding these differences is important because it can improve how ADHD is assessed and diagnosed in children. Who this helps: This research helps parents, teachers, and healthcare providers better understand ADHD's impact on children from different backgrounds.

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This study investigated different sources of resistance in lettuce plants against three types of bacteria that cause bacterial leaf spot (BLS). Researchers tested around 500 different lettuce varieties and found that 10 of them were resistant to one strain of these bacteria (race 2), while only one variety was resistant to another strain (race 3). This matters because having lettuce varieties that can resist various strains of bacteria will help improve crop health and yield, reducing damage from BLS. Who this helps: This benefits farmers and agricultural scientists working to enhance lettuce crops.

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This research looked at using a special type of heart valve called the VenusP-valve to treat patients with carcinoid heart disease, a condition that affects the heart due to cancer. The study found that three patients successfully received this valve through a less invasive method, which means they avoided major surgery. This is important because many of these patients are too sick for traditional surgery but still need help with their heart function. Who this helps: This benefits patients with carcinoid heart disease who can’t undergo surgery.

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This research looked at a new treatment for a specific heart defect called sinus venosus atrial septal defect (SVASD) using covered stents, a less invasive alternative to traditional surgery. Out of 381 patients studied, 371 (97.4%) successfully had the stent implanted without major issues, and 94.2% of patients experienced no major complications. This is important because it shows that stent treatment is a safe and effective option that can reduce the need for more invasive surgeries, leading to better outcomes for patients. Who this helps: This benefits patients with SVASD, particularly those who might avoid major surgery.

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This research studied a procedure called conduction system pacing (CSP) in adults who had a specific heart surgery for a rare condition known as congenitally corrected transposition of the great arteries. The study found that with some adjustments to the tools used for pacing, the placement of these devices can be effectively and safely done in this unique heart anatomy, focusing on the stability in delivering the pacing at critical areas of the heart. This matters because it shows that CSP can be successfully adapted for patients with complex congenital heart issues, potentially improving their heart function. Who this helps: This helps patients with congenital heart disease who have undergone this specific heart surgery.

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This study looked at how clinicians from six health systems experienced structured healthcare transition programs. Out of 855 surveyed, 272 clinicians responded, revealing that about two-thirds (roughly 66%) felt they were following a structured transition process. Clinicians generally agreed that these structured programs improve quality of care and the experiences of both patients and themselves, although they noted that more time and dedication are required to make these processes effective. Who this helps: This helps patients transitioning from pediatric to adult healthcare, as well as the doctors who manage their care.

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This study looked at a new, simpler method for closing a heart defect called an atrial septal defect (ASD) without the use of fluoroscopy, a type of real-time X-ray imaging. Researchers treated 32 patients in total, with 23 using this new method, which took about 35 minutes on average, while the traditional approach took 47 minutes. All procedures were successful without any complications, which shows that this simplified approach is quicker and just as safe as the traditional method. Who this helps: This helps patients with atrial septal defects who may require less invasive treatment options.

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This study looked at the suicide risk in people with opioid use disorder (OUD) over the course of a year. Researchers found that 30% of participants showed signs of suicide risk at the start, which remained consistent at the 6- and 12-month marks, regardless of the screening tool used. Key factors linked to higher suicide risk included a history of intentional overdose, poor sleep, and symptoms of psychosis or mania. Who this helps: This information benefits patients with opioid use disorder and their healthcare providers.

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This study focused on creating a custom cutting guide to help surgeons accurately remove a piece of bone from the forearm for reconstructing head and neck defects. The guide was tested on eight patients, with successful use in seven of them, resulting in an average harvested bone length of 77.1 mm and a width of 12.1 mm. This is important because it may help surgeons perform the procedure more confidently, reduce complications, and enhance patient recovery. Who this helps: This benefits patients undergoing reconstructive surgery for head and neck injuries.

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This study looked at how HIV status and omega-3 fatty acids (specifically EPA and DHA) affect differences in brain sizes between men and women, particularly in the area of the brain known as the hippocampus, which is important for memory. Researchers found that HIV-positive women had significantly smaller hippocampal volumes than HIV-negative women in 13 out of 26 brain regions, and that those with low levels of EPA were particularly affected. Importantly, higher levels of these omega-3s seemed to protect against this brain shrinkage, suggesting a potential way to help those at risk. Who this helps: This research benefits patients with HIV, especially women, by highlighting the importance of omega-3 fatty acids for brain health.

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This study looked at how well hepatitis C (HCV) treatment worked over five years when given by various types of healthcare providers, like nurse practitioners and primary care doctors, rather than just specialists. They found that 87% of patients initially responded well to treatment, and over time, an additional 6.5% were confirmed as cured, bringing the total to 93.5%. This shows that non-specialists can effectively manage HCV treatment and that patients can maintain their health over the long term. Who this helps: This benefits patients with hepatitis C, especially those who receive care at community health centers.

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This study looked at a new heart valve called the VenusP-valve, which was implanted in 15 children with severe pulmonary regurgitation, a condition where blood leaks backward into the heart. The children, aged from 9.8 to 17.9 years, experienced significant improvements: their heart’s size decreased from an average of 157.8 ml/m² to 117.6 ml/m² and the amount of blood regurgitating dropped from 44.3% to just 3.6% after the procedure. This is important because it shows that the VenusP-valve is a safe and effective option for treating these patients, potentially leading to better heart health. Who this helps: Patients with severe pulmonary regurgitation, particularly children.

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This study looked at how well a drug called trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd) works against head and neck cancer that has low levels of a protein called HER2, which is linked to the cancer's ability to grow. Researchers found that T-DXd led to significant tumor shrinkage in mice with a specific type of HER2-expressing tumor and reduced tumor growth by 60% compared to other treatments that did not work as effectively. This is important because it shows that T-DXd could be a promising option for patients with this type of head and neck cancer, where current treatments are limited. Who this helps: Patients with head and neck cancers that express low levels of HER2.

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This study looked at patients with squamous cell carcinoma when the original tumor location is unknown. Researchers used a new type of imaging to find hidden cancer spots that regular imaging missed. As a result, they were able to make a more accurate diagnosis and change how the disease was treated, which is crucial for improving patient outcomes. Who this helps: Patients with squamous cell carcinoma of unknown primary.

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This study looked at how long patients with head and neck cancer waited to start radiation therapy after their surgery and whether the location of their treatment affected their survival. It found that 73.2% of patients had a delay in starting radiation, with the average wait being 51 days. Interestingly, while patients treated at outside facilities were more likely to face delays, this waiting period did not significantly affect how long they lived or how long they remained free of cancer. Who this helps: This research is important for healthcare providers and patients in understanding the timelines for treatment and its impact on patient outcomes.

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This study looked at a new method for identifying sentinel lymph nodes in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma, a type of cancer. Researchers used a special magnetic tracer called "FerroTrace" to help locate these lymph nodes, finding an average of 4.1 magnetic lymph nodes per patient, with no harmful side effects reported. This new technique could make the procedure safer and more widely used for staging neck disease in patients with this type of cancer. Who this helps: Patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma and their doctors.

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This study looked at how to better connect cancer patients with clinical trials using a digital matching system linked to their medical records. Over three years, screening requests increased from 20 to 236, and the percentage of patients enrolled in trials from these referrals ranged from 16% to 26%. This is important because it shows that a tailored digital approach can help more patients participate in clinical trials, speeding up the development of new cancer treatments. Who this helps: This helps cancer patients seeking access to innovative treatment options.

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This study explored how to better care for patients with opioid use disorder (OUD) who also have infections from using drugs. Researchers interviewed 24 professionals from various states, finding that key obstacles include stigma surrounding OUD, inconsistent treatment practices, and poor communication among care providers. Improving care for these patients is crucial because it could reduce complications and enhance recovery during hospital stays. Who this helps: This helps patients with opioid use disorder and the healthcare providers who care for them.

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This study focused on using telemedicine to provide buprenorphine treatment for incarcerated individuals struggling with opioid use disorder in rural jails in Maryland. Researchers found that while telemedicine has great potential, challenges varied greatly between different jails, affecting how well the program worked. These findings highlight the need for tailored approaches when implementing treatments for addiction in correctional facilities. Who this helps: This helps patients in jails who need access to addiction treatment.

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This study looked at a new way to monitor fetal heart rhythms, specifically using a noninvasive method called abdominal fetal ECG in cases of fetal tachycardia (a fast heartbeat). Researchers tested this method on 15 pregnant participants, collecting data for a total of 23 recordings. They found that the noninvasive method effectively identified different types of abnormal heart rhythms compared to traditional echocardiography, which may help in better managing fetal health. Who this helps: Patients and doctors caring for pregnant women with fetal heart issues.

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This study looked at the outcomes for 410 patients with Tetralogy of Fallot (ToF), a serious heart condition often found before birth. Researchers found that 56.8% of patients were diagnosed prenatally, with a very low death rate of just 2.4% in the neonatal period. After surgery to repair the heart, survival rates were high: 99.5% survived the first 30 days, 96.2% survived to one year, and 95.2% to three years, although about 25% of patients needed further procedures down the line. Who this helps: This information benefits patients with Tetralogy of Fallot and their families, as well as doctors treating these patients.

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This study looked at how respiratory muscle training (RMT) impacts people with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). After 8 weeks of training, patients showed significant improvements in muscle strength, with their maximum inspiratory pressure increasing by an average of 14.1 cm H2O and maximum expiratory pressure by 20.1 cm H2O. Additionally, their quality of life scores improved, indicating less shortness of breath and better overall well-being. Who this helps: This helps patients with COPD, particularly those at more advanced stages of the disease.

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This study explored how well a Neurosciences Intensive Care Unit (NeuroICU) provides easy-to-understand health information to patients and families. Researchers found that while most staff (95.6%) reported regularly using interpreter services and many (82.4%) felt supported in their work environment, there were still significant barriers, like limited formats of health information for patients. Improving these communication practices is vital for better patient care and can help families navigate the complex health decisions during critical times. Who this helps: This benefits patients and their families in the NeuroICU.

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This study looked at how fetal slow heart rates, known as bradycardia, can signal a genetic heart condition called Long QT syndrome (LQTS) in parents. Researchers examined 20 parents whose fetuses had persistent bradycardia and found that 11 fetuses had harmful genetic changes linked to LQTS. This is important because recognizing the risk early allows for better management of pregnancy and delivery, potentially saving lives. Who this helps: This helps expectant parents and their healthcare providers.

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Researchers studied patients with atrial septal defects (ASDs) to understand how these defects affect the heart's electrical properties. They found that the electrical signals in the right atrium of ASD patients were weaker than in patients without ASDs, with a significant difference in voltage levels (1.53 mV compared to 1.98 mV). This is important because it shows that ASDs can lead to changes in heart function, potentially increasing the risk of irregular heartbeats. Who this helps: This helps patients with atrial septal defects and their doctors in understanding the risks and managing their heart health.

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The research looked at how to create and manage big sets of medical and behavioral data so they can be used safely and effectively with artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML). The study highlighted important steps like choosing what data to include, getting participants' consent, storing data securely, and respecting public concerns. It found that addressing these issues is crucial for responsible data use and offers a model for similar projects in the future. Who this helps: This helps researchers and healthcare providers by ensuring ethical and effective use of medical data.

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This study looked at how often N95 masks used by healthcare workers in emergency departments became contaminated with the virus that causes COVID-19 when reused or worn for long periods. Out of 245 masks tested, 44 (or 18%) had traces of the virus, and the risk of contamination increased with the number of COVID-19 patients treated. These findings are important because they highlight the need to avoid reusing N95 masks to minimize the risk of spreading the virus in healthcare settings. Who this helps: This helps healthcare workers who rely on N95 masks for protection.

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Researchers created a training model for surgeons to practice fluorescence-guided cancer surgery using a plant-based material that mimics tumor tissue. They found that this model effectively helped surgeons identify leftover tumor tissue after surgery, with strong fluorescence signals detected at various distances. This is important because it prepares surgeons to better differentiate between cancerous and healthy tissues during actual surgeries, potentially leading to improved patient outcomes. Who this helps: This benefits surgeons and ultimately improves care for cancer patients.

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This study looked at how different doses of buprenorphine, a treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD), affect patients' drug use and overall success in treatment. It found that patients taking 32 mg/day of buprenorphine had better results than those on 24 mg/day, including a drop in opioid use from 68.5% to 59.5%, less frequent use per week (from 1.58 to 1.15 times), and fewer urges to use opioids (from 38.2% to 7%). This is important because higher dosing leads to more patients staying in treatment, which can ultimately save lives and improve recovery outcomes. Who this helps: This helps patients with opioid use disorder and those involved in their treatment.

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This study focused on the effectiveness and safety of a drug called bulevirtide (BLV) for treating adults who are living with both HIV and hepatitis D (HDV). Among 38 patients treated, over half—52.6% with BLV alone, and 71.4% with a combination of BLV and another drug—showed improvements in their HDV levels after 48 weeks. These results are important because they demonstrate that bulevirtide is a viable option for treating HDV in HIV-infected patients, with a good safety profile. Who this helps: This helps patients who are living with HIV and chronic hepatitis D.

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This study looked at a chemical called Mono-n-hexyl phthalate (MnHexP) found in urine samples from people in Germany, including children. Researchers estimated that daily exposure to its precursor, Di-n-hexyl phthalate (DnHexP), is very low, with average intake levels being less than 0.2% of the safety limit, meaning health risks from this exposure are very unlikely. Notably, the use of contaminated sunscreen was identified as the biggest source of exposure among everyday products. Who this helps: This information benefits patients and families concerned about chemical exposure in daily products.

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This study looked at a new type of pacemaker, called a dual-chamber leadless pacemaker, in a 25-year-old man with a complex heart condition who had previously undergone multiple surgeries. After the patient's existing pacemaker failed and he developed complete heart block, the new leadless pacemaker was successfully implanted, allowing for better heart function immediately and two weeks later. This is important because it offers a new solution for patients with complicated congenital heart defects who need pacing, improving their quality of life. Who this helps: This helps patients with complex congenital heart disease who require heart rhythm management.

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This study looked at how well a virtual reality system called Heart VR can help doctors determine if certain patients are suitable for a heart procedure called covered stent correction (CSC) for a specific type of heart defect. Researchers found that when doctors used Heart VR, they agreed on suitability for the procedure in 12 out of 12 cases where it was performed successfully, while traditional methods had 3 patients considered unsuitable after further review. This is important because it shows that VR can make the assessment process faster and potentially more accurate, improving care for patients needing this type of treatment. Who this helps: This benefits patients with a specific type of heart defect and the doctors performing their procedures.

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This study looked at a group of children aged 8 to 13 with dyslexia to see if they had strengths in understanding and generating words, known as semantic fluency. Researchers found that some children performed significantly better than average, producing more words and displaying different brain activity patterns. These findings are important because they highlight a cognitive strength in certain children with dyslexia that can be used to help improve their reading skills. Who this helps: This research benefits children with dyslexia and educators by providing new ways to support their reading development.