DR. LISA M. MCGREGOR, MD

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This study looked at how many First Nations Peoples in Ontario started using a safer opioid supply (SOS) between 2019 and 2023. The number of people starting this treatment jumped from 15 in 2019 to 92 in 2023, with a notable increase from 0.11 to 0.65 per 1000 people. Most participants were men and women aged 25-44, and significantly more were living outside their communities and in urban areas. This matters because it shows a significant rise in the use of safer, regulated opioids, indicating that more people are seeking help for opioid use disorder and finding safer options. Who this helps: This helps First Nations Peoples struggling with opioid use disorder.

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This study looked at how a key protein called XPO1 helps transport other proteins out of the cell nucleus, which is important in various diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration. Using advanced deep learning techniques, the researchers analyzed over 4,000 human proteins and discovered more than 3,000 new sequences that XPO1 recognizes for export. This new understanding could improve how we study protein transport and its role in diseases. Who this helps: This benefits researchers and healthcare providers working on targeted treatments for diseases related to nuclear transport.

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This study looked at how certain small molecules interact with RNA in cells, specifically those that may help control splicing, a process that influences how genetic information is used. Researchers discovered that one of these molecules binds to a previously unknown RNA target called TERC, which is important for maintaining chromosome length. This finding helps clarify how these compounds work and could lead to better treatments for diseases related to RNA splicing. Who this helps: Patients with genetic disorders or cancers involving RNA splicing.

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This study looked at how Indigenous knowledge and Western science can work together to help save at-risk species, especially freshwater turtles (mshiikenh), in the Whitefish River First Nation in Canada. The researchers found that when they included the local community in planning and decision-making, it led to a more effective conservation effort. This approach is important because it respects Indigenous culture and addresses both biodiversity loss and past injustices in research. Who this helps: This benefits Indigenous communities, conservationists, and wildlife.

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This study looked at how long First Nations people in Ontario stick with opioid agonist therapy (OAT), which includes medications like methadone and buprenorphine-naloxone, to help treat opioid addiction. Out of 7,476 individuals starting treatment, those on buprenorphine-naloxone stopped treatment after a median of 42 days, while those on methadone stopped after a median of 71 days. Understanding these patterns is crucial because it shows the need for better treatment approaches and support tailored to the First Nations community to improve treatment retention. Who this helps: This helps patients struggling with opioid addiction, particularly within First Nations communities.

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This study looked at how many First Nations People in Ontario were prescribed opioids for pain and those also using benzodiazepines, from 2013 to 2021. The results showed that opioid prescriptions dropped by 25% during this period, from 74.7 to 56.0 per 1,000 people. Additionally, the percentage of people using opioids alongside benzodiazepines decreased from 20.9% to 16.7%. This is important because it highlights a trend towards safer prescribing practices in this community. Who this helps: This benefits First Nations patients and healthcare providers focused on reducing the risks associated with opioid and benzodiazepine use.

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This study looked at how to get permission for health research involving Indigenous children in a way that respects their culture and community. Researchers reviewed nearly 3,000 articles but found only 11 that focused on effective methods of consent from parents and children in Indigenous settings. They highlighted the importance of involving families and communities in the consent process, recommending that consent should happen together, on the land, and with community input. Who this helps: Indigenous children and their families benefit from more equitable access to health research and services.

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This study looked at how using a specific genetic test, known as trio exome sequencing, can help manage pregnancies with noticeable abnormalities seen in ultrasounds. The researchers found that in 43 pregnancies tested, they were able to diagnose genetic conditions in 15 cases, which is about 35%, and the results were typically available within 12 days. This is important because knowing the genetic status of a pregnancy can help families make informed decisions during pregnancy and for future pregnancies. Who this helps: Families expecting a baby with potential health concerns.

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This study investigated how to find specific molecules that can bind to the ARID1B protein, which is important in various cancers due to its role when the ARID1A protein is mutated. Researchers discovered peptides that attach to ARID1B with a strong binding strength (measured in nanomolar levels) while avoiding ARID1A, making them promising candidates for drug development. This is significant because targeting ARID1B can help treat cancers that rely on it for growth when ARID1A is not functioning properly. Who this helps: This benefits cancer patients with ARID1A mutations.

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This study looked at a 12-week exercise program designed for children and teens who survived cancer. Out of 40 participants, 90.9% found the program acceptable, with 85% increasing how often they exercised and 50% meeting recommended exercise levels. The kids in the program could walk further in six minutes compared to those who didn’t participate, showing that they got stronger. Who this helps: This benefits childhood cancer survivors by improving their physical health and promoting regular exercise.

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This study looked at how different types of fungi can grow and damage mortar, a material used in construction. Researchers found that certain fungi could penetrate the mortar up to about 620 micrometers, with greater damage occurring in less porous mortar. This matters because understanding how fungi affect building materials can help prevent structural damage, especially in environments like storage areas for hazardous materials. Who this helps: This helps builders and engineers protect structures from fungal damage.

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This study investigated how much harmful chemicals called PFAS are released from firefighter jackets at a warm temperature of 38 °C. The researchers found that older jackets gave off higher levels of certain PFAS compounds, with the moisture barrier layer releasing the most emissions. For example, older jackets emitted more of the chemicals 8:2 FTOH and 10:2 FTOH, while newer jackets used for a year emitted higher levels of 6:2 FTOH. Understanding these emissions is important because it helps assess the risks these chemicals pose to both the environment and human health. Who this helps: This research helps firefighters and health professionals assess the safety of protective gear.

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This study looked at the effectiveness of the Indigenous health curriculum at the Northern Ontario School of Medicine University (NOSM U) by using a validated tool called the NOSM CAST to measure medical students' readiness to provide culturally safe care to Indigenous Peoples. Among 305 participating first-year medical students, the results showed significant improvements in their knowledge, confidence, advocacy intentions, and self-reflective practices, with knowledge increasing by an average score of 1.07 and confidence/preparedness by 1.15. This is important because it indicates that the curriculum is successfully preparing future doctors to provide better care for Indigenous populations. Who this helps: This benefits medical students and Indigenous patients by improving culturally competent care in health services.

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This research paper outlines new guidelines for using vosoritide, a medication for children with achondroplasia, a common condition that affects growth due to a genetic mutation. The guidelines were created by a group of 12 Australian experts to ensure that the treatment is used consistently and safely across the country, aiming to improve access for all patients. This matters because it helps standardize care and could lead to better health outcomes for children with this condition. Who this helps: This benefits children with achondroplasia and their healthcare providers.

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This study focused on identifying and agreeing on specific risk factors that can be changed to help manage frailty in older adults who are hospitalized. Out of 71 potential risk factors considered, experts determined that 44 of them can be modified and should be used in new care strategies to assist these patients. This matters because addressing these risk factors could significantly improve the health outcomes and quality of care for older adults in hospitals. Who this helps: Patients, especially older adults hospitalized for health issues.

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This study created new guidelines for managing children with achondroplasia, a common bone growth disorder. The guidelines have been developed to provide clear care recommendations, improve communication among health providers, and ensure that families get consistent support in any location. They also include specific advice for different age groups on growth, health, development, and social needs. Who this helps: These guidelines help families and healthcare professionals caring for children with achondroplasia in Australia.

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This study looked at how fear related to COVID-19 affects older adults in Scotland, particularly those aged 50 and over. Researchers created a detailed questionnaire to measure this fear and examined how it impacts older adults' willingness to participate in health, social, and economic activities. Findings will help shape future policies and practices to support this age group during the ongoing pandemic recovery. Who this helps: This helps older adults and those who work with them, including healthcare professionals and policymakers.

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This research paper looks at how certain proteins in our cells' energy-producing structures may contribute to Alzheimer's disease (AD). The findings highlight the importance of mitochondrial dysfunction in AD, showing that problems with these proteins may occur before other signs of the disease appear. Understanding these protein structures could lead to new treatments that target early stages of Alzheimer's, when the brain cells are first affected. Who this helps: This helps patients with Alzheimer's disease and their families.

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This study examined whether a health app could help identify support needs earlier for First Nations children in Canada. Researchers assessed 227 children aged 8 to 18, finding that those with newly identified needs had lower emotional scores (67.2) compared to healthy peers (80.1) and children already receiving help (66.2), indicating a clear need for support. This matters because it shows how screening can connect children to necessary services sooner, improving their well-being. Who this helps: This benefits First Nations children and youth who need mental health support.

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This study looked at how a group of proteins called the Mitochondrial Complex I Assembly (MCIA) helps assemble an important enzyme involved in energy production, which is linked to Alzheimer's disease. Researchers found that one protein, ECSIT, changes the structure of another protein, ACAD9, allowing it to help assemble this enzyme instead of breaking down fats. They also discovered that a specific modification of ECSIT decreases its connection to ACAD9 when brain cells are exposed to toxic amyloid-beta, suggesting a new way these proteins may contribute to energy problems in Alzheimer's. Who this helps: This research helps patients with Alzheimer's disease by improving our understanding of its biology.

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This study looked at how Indigenous patient actors worked with medical school faculty to create realistic patient scenarios that respect Indigenous culture. The researchers found that using a method called the Learning Circle helped identify ways to make medical education more culturally safe, leading to a new framework for co-creating these educational tools. This is important because it addresses the need for better understanding and treatment of Indigenous people in healthcare, helping to heal from past injustices. Who this helps: This benefits patients, especially Indigenous communities seeking culturally competent healthcare.

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This study looked at how different types of language used in organ donation campaigns affect people's willingness to donate their organs. Researchers found that when people read messages that used a high level of threat and focused on what they might lose (loss frame), their intention to donate decreased significantly, but their willingness increased when the same threatening language highlighted what they could gain (gain frame). This is important because using the right language can improve organ donation rates, ultimately saving lives. Who this helps: Patients in need of organ transplants and their families.

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This study looked at how physical activity programs can help young people who have survived cancer feel better physically and mentally. Researchers reviewed eight studies and found that these programs were practical and well-received, with most focusing on aerobic exercises. However, there is still a lot of research needed to fully understand the benefits of physical activity for young cancer survivors. Who this helps: This helps young cancer survivors and the healthcare professionals supporting them.

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Researchers studied how a new method for analyzing the aromas in olive oil can help determine its quality and authenticity. They tested 69 olive oil samples from different types (extra-virgin, virgin, and lampante) and regions, finding that their new technique allowed for detailed profiling of the aromas. This method not only classified the oils into their commercial categories but also revealed insights about their geographical origins, which is important for ensuring quality and preventing fraud. Who this helps: This benefits consumers and producers of olive oil by ensuring they receive and sell authentic products.

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This study focused on training medical students to provide culturally safe care for Indigenous patients using virtual simulations during the COVID-19 pandemic. Researchers found that while these virtual training sessions were effective and provided valuable insights from Indigenous patients, students felt they learned less compared to in-person sessions. The findings highlight the need for better training in virtual interactions, as well as addressing the emotional impacts of discussing colonialism and Indigenous issues to create a supportive learning environment. Who this helps: This helps medical students and educators focusing on improving healthcare for Indigenous communities.

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This study looked at a health program in Lancashire, England, aimed at getting more people to participate in bowel cancer screening. Out of nearly 11,000 people contacted, over 2,000 attended in-person consultations, resulting in a 14.9% overall response rate for screening. The findings showed that more people returned test kits when they attended in-person consultations (71.5%) compared to those who consulted via phone, highlighting the importance of in-person support for increasing screening rates, especially among certain demographic groups. Who this helps: This helps patients, particularly those in underrepresented communities or with socioeconomic challenges, by encouraging them to participate in cancer screening.

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This study examined the facial features of people with Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome, a genetic condition linked to variants in two specific genes, FOXC1 and PITX2. Researchers analyzed facial traits in 34 individuals and found that while both groups shared features like a thin upper lip and prominent forehead, those with FOXC1 variants were more likely to have widely spaced eyes and low-set ears. Understanding these differences helps doctors make accurate diagnoses and provide better genetic counseling to patients and families. Who this helps: This helps patients and their families by providing clearer diagnoses and genetic information.

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This study examined how primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), an autoimmune disorder that mainly affects glands producing saliva and tears, can also harm the kidneys. It found that about 5% of pSS patients experience kidney issues, often presenting as tubulointerstitial nephritis, which harms kidney function but typically has a low risk of leading to severe kidney failure. This is important because, although the overall risk of end-stage kidney disease is low, kidney-related problems significantly lower the quality of life for these patients. Who this helps: This information benefits patients with Sjögren's syndrome and their doctors.

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This study looks at how a specific enzyme called urate oxidase (UOX) helps break down uric acid by examining its crystal structure and conducting simulations. The researchers discovered that a water molecule plays a key role in the reaction, sitting in a specific position that allows it to interact effectively with the enzyme and the substrate, which leads to a better understanding of how the enzyme works. This matters because understanding these interactions can help in designing better treatments for conditions related to uric acid, like gout. Who this helps: Patients with gout and related conditions.

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This study looks at how genomic testing for genetic conditions is becoming more common in children's healthcare, especially for those with certain disabilities. Since May 2020, a new Medicare rebate makes it easier for pediatricians to order these tests for children under 10 who have specific symptoms or delays. This change is important because it will likely lead to more accurate diagnoses and better care for these children, although it may also result in some uncertain outcomes or negative test results. Who this helps: This benefits pediatricians and families with children who have suspected genetic conditions.

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This study looked at how well older adults from different ethnic backgrounds recognize the symptoms and risk factors of bowel cancer in parts of Greater London. Out of 1,013 adults surveyed, those from ethnic minority groups were less aware of symptoms related to bowel cancer, with an average of only 4.27 out of 9 symptoms recognized, and many weren't aware of a screening program, especially among Afro-Caribbean and Somali participants. This gap in awareness matters because it highlights the need for tailored education and outreach programs to improve bowel cancer detection in these communities. Who this helps: This helps patients, especially those from Afro-Caribbean and Somali backgrounds, by increasing awareness and potentially improving early detection of bowel cancer.

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This study focused on improving a technique called comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC) to better identify and present chemical compounds. Researchers developed a new method to analyze complexity in chemical data, leading to clearer and more precise results. Using this approach, they successfully identified 177 aroma compounds in peaches, which are key indicators of fruit quality. This matters because it can help in assessing and improving the quality of fruits based on their aroma. Who this helps: This helps farmers, food quality testers, and consumers looking for high-quality peaches.

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This study looked at how well primary care providers are prepared to support rural Indigenous women facing intimate partner violence (IPV). Researchers talked to 31 healthcare providers and found that many felt unprepared to address IPV due to issues like lack of training, inadequate referral options, and concerns about maintaining patient confidentiality. Improving how providers respond to IPV is crucial because it can lead to better safety and health outcomes for these women. Who this helps: This research benefits rural Indigenous women experiencing IPV and their families.

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This study looked at how different varieties of peaches and nectarines respond to cold storage by analyzing their aroma compounds and related genes. Researchers found 115 unique aroma compounds, with 15 specific compounds that helped distinguish between the different fruit types. Understanding how each peach cultivar reacts to storage is important because it can help improve their shelf life and maintain desirable flavors for consumers. Who this helps: This helps fruit growers and retailers aiming to enhance fruit quality and consumer satisfaction.

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Researchers worked with Indigenous communities to create a new teaching program for medical students, focused on improving communication skills for better care of Indigenous patients. They tested this program with 64 students and 17 tutors, discovering that the new approach, which included working with Indigenous animators, helped students develop important cultural skills and understanding. This is important because it helps ensure that Indigenous patients receive care in a way that respects their culture and leads to better health outcomes. Who this helps: This benefits medical students and Indigenous patients.

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The study focused on creating a new model called "STOP5" to enhance team learning and performance following emergency resuscitation cases. Researchers involved emergency department staff in developing and testing this model, which led to ten improvements in processes and equipment over a year. This matters because it helps improve teamwork, staff morale, and patient care, making future emergency responses more effective. Who this helps: This helps emergency department staff and ultimately benefits patients receiving care.

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This study examined a specific genetic deletion in eight individuals that affected three important genes: TBC1D24, ATP6V0C, and PDPK1. All of these individuals experienced developmental delays, intellectual disabilities, and seizures, with six having smaller head sizes and two exhibiting eye problems. The researchers concluded that this gene deletion is linked to a new rare syndrome that causes these serious health issues. Who this helps: This helps affected patients and their families, as well as doctors who need to understand the genetic basis of their conditions.

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This study focused on a new genetic condition affecting the TBC1D24, ATP6V0C, and PDPK1 genes that causes epilepsy, small head size, and developmental delays in children. Researchers found that this condition is linked to specific changes in these genes, highlighting its role in these serious health issues. Understanding this syndrome is important for better diagnosis and treatment options for affected individuals. Who this helps: This helps patients with the syndrome and their families.

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The study looked at the factors affecting how much physical activity Indigenous children in rural communities in Ontario get. Researchers found that today's children are less active than previous generations due to factors like technology use, safety concerns, and a lack of community programs, with colonization still impacting their lifestyles. Understanding these issues is crucial because it helps identify ways to promote more physical activity and combat rising obesity rates among Indigenous children. Who this helps: This helps Indigenous families, community leaders, and health professionals working to improve children's health.

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Researchers studied the effects of harmful genetic changes in the ZC4H2 gene, which can cause a condition called arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) in both males and females. They found that out of 19 affected women, symptoms ranged from mild to severe, and in certain cases, the symptoms were similar to those seen in men with the condition. This research is important because it helps identify the specific genetic causes of AMC, allowing for better genetic testing and understanding of the disease and its variations in both genders. Who this helps: This helps patients and their families by providing clarity on the genetic basis of their condition.

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This study focused on Coffin-Siris syndrome (CSS), a genetic disorder that affects physical appearance and intellectual abilities. Researchers analyzed the genes of 214 patients and found 78 cases with harmful genetic changes, specifically in genes linked to the BAF chromatin-remodeling complex. This matters because it helps us better understand the genetic causes of CSS, potentially guiding future treatments and interventions for affected individuals. Who this helps: This research helps patients with Coffin-Siris syndrome and their families by providing clearer insights into the disorder's genetic basis.

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In this study, researchers looked at the genetic causes of cancer in 40 children who displayed signs that might indicate a genetic risk for cancer, such as intellectual disabilities or a family history of cancer. They found that 8 of the children had harmful mutations linked to cancer, including known syndromes like Rubinstein-Taybi syndrome and new potential genes that could increase cancer risk. This is important because identifying these genetic factors can lead to better understanding and management of cancer in children. Who this helps: This helps patients and their families by providing insights into genetic risks that can guide treatment and monitoring strategies.

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This research looked at how psychological factors contribute to long-term neck pain after a whiplash injury. The study found that having low expectations about recovery, experiencing posttraumatic stress symptoms, and using passive coping strategies are strongly linked to a greater risk of ongoing pain and disability. In contrast, factors like anxiety and depression did not seem to affect the likelihood of developing long-term issues. Who this helps: This research benefits patients recovering from whiplash and their doctors by highlighting what psychological factors to monitor.

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This study looked at the participation rates in England's Bowel Cancer Screening Program from 2010 to 2015, finding that about 52% of those invited participated. The rates actually dropped slightly during this time, especially among poorer and ethnically diverse communities, highlighting a gap in screening access between different groups. These findings suggest that the program is not reaching everyone equally, which could lead to worse health outcomes for those who are less represented. Who this helps: This helps patients, particularly those from lower socio-economic backgrounds and diverse ethnic communities.

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This study looked at how to keep families engaged in a therapy program called Parent-Child Interaction Therapy (PCIT), which helps improve children's behavior. Researchers added a motivational boost to this therapy and found that while it increased parents' readiness to change their behavior, it didn't significantly reduce the dropout rate compared to the standard therapy. Both versions of the therapy helped lower behavioral problems and parental stress more than not participating at all. Who this helps: This benefits families with children who are struggling with behavior issues, especially those at risk of maltreatment.

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This study explored how the chemical makeup of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human blood changes as blood ages. Researchers used advanced techniques to analyze these compounds, discovering that age-related changes in the blood samples were more significant than differences between individuals’ samples. They also found that their methods improved confidence in identifying these compounds accurately. Who this helps: This helps doctors and rescue teams who may use blood analysis to locate and help injured or deceased individuals.

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This study looked at the genetic resistance of a vegetable called Brassica rapa (pak choy) to a disease known as clubroot, caused by a pathogen called Plasmodiophora brassicae. Researchers found that a specific resistance gene, called Rcr1, on chromosome A03 protects against multiple strains of the disease. They identified 776,200 single nucleotide variants and pinpointed 14 reliable genetic markers linked to Rcr1 that can be used to help breed resistant plants, showing 100% accuracy in tests with canola. Who this helps: This research helps farmers and plant breeders aiming to develop disease-resistant crops.

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This research looked at how improved communication and shared decision-making between doctors and patients can influence the use of antibiotics for common respiratory infections. The study found that using these strategies reduced antibiotic prescriptions from 47% to 29% without causing patients to return for more consultations or feeling less satisfied with their care. This is important because it helps fight antibiotic resistance, a growing health crisis caused by overprescribing. Who this helps: This helps patients and healthcare providers in primary care settings.