Dr. Gayner studies effective methods to prevent complications in patients undergoing various types of surgeries, including hip and knee replacements, heart surgery, and kidney transplants. His research focuses on reducing risks such as kidney injury and low blood pressure during surgery, as well as understanding how factors like maternal care and race can affect long-term health outcomes for patients. By investigating different surgical techniques and patient demographics, he aims to enhance recovery experiences and overall success rates for procedures.
Key findings
Dr. Gayner's updated protocol for preventing acute kidney injury in joint surgeries reduced the incidence from 6.2% to 0.6% and lowered cases of hypotension from 12.7% to 6.8%.
His research found that 62.6% of black kidney transplant recipients experience delayed function compared to 48.3% of white recipients, indicating the need for targeted interventions.
In his kidney transplant study, patients with delayed function had a 72% higher risk of transplant failure compared to those without, highlighting crucial factors affecting survival.
During a study on heart surgery techniques, graft patency rates were 89% for total arterial grafts and 91% for a combination of artery and vein grafts, demonstrating comparable success.
A low-protein diet in rats with kidney damage improved kidney function, resulting in lower filtration rates and protein loss, suggesting dietary adjustments may benefit human patients with similar conditions.
Frequently asked questions
Does Dr. Gayner study kidney transplants?
Yes, Dr. Gayner's research includes the outcomes of kidney transplants, particularly how race and delayed function affect transplant success.
What treatments has Dr. Gayner researched?
He has researched treatments related to surgical procedures, including protocols for preventing kidney injury in joint surgery and different techniques in heart surgery.
Is Dr. Gayner's work relevant to patients undergoing knee or hip surgeries?
Yes, his work directly benefits patients undergoing these surgeries by improving recovery outcomes and reducing complications.
How does maternal care affect health in Dr. Gayner's studies?
His research shows that inadequate maternal care during pregnancy can lead to increased health risks for daughters later in life, especially among South Asian women.
What does Dr. Gayner's research indicate about dietary changes for kidney disease?
His findings suggest that a low-protein diet may improve kidney function and reduce damage in patients with kidney disease.
Publications in plain English
Preventing Acute Kidney Injury and Hypotension After Elective Total Joint Arthroplasty Is Possible: An Update to an Established Multidisciplinary Protocol.
2021
The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
Malige A, Carmona A, Roscher C, Herman D, Filipkowski A +5 more
Plain English This study looked at ways to prevent kidney damage and low blood pressure in patients undergoing elective hip and knee surgeries at several hospitals. It found that the new protocol reduced the rate of acute kidney injury from 6.2% to just 0.6% and lowered low blood pressure cases from 12.7% to 6.8%. This is important because it shows that a well-coordinated approach can lead to better recovery outcomes for these patients.
Who this helps: Patients undergoing hip and knee surgeries.
Maternal investment, life-history strategy of the offspring and adult chronic disease risk in South Asian women in the UK.
2016
Evolution, medicine, and public health
Wells JC, Yao P, Williams JE, Gayner R
Plain English This study looked at how the level of care a mother gives during pregnancy affects the long-term health of her daughters, specifically among South Asian women in the UK who are at higher risk for heart disease. Researchers found that women with lower birth weights and who reached puberty earlier had more body fat and worse blood pressure regulation. This means that inadequate maternal care can lead to an increased risk of health problems later in life.
Who this helps: This research benefits doctors and healthcare providers working with expectant mothers and young women, particularly in South Asian communities.
A pilot randomized controlled trial comparing CABG surgery performed with total arterial grafts or without.
2015
Journal of cardiothoracic surgery
Le J, Baskett RJ, Buth KJ, Hirsch GM, Brydie A +2 more
Plain English This study looked at two different types of heart surgery for patients with multiple blocked arteries: one using a combination of a specific artery and vein grafts (LIMA+SVG) and the other using only arterial grafts (TAG). Out of 421 eligible patients, 60 participated, and both groups showed similar success rates in terms of graft patency, with TAG at 89% and LIMA+SVG at 91%. However, the researchers found that recruiting enough participants and completing follow-up tests was challenging, which suggests that larger studies may be difficult to conduct.
Who this helps: This helps doctors who perform heart surgery by providing insights into the feasibility of comparing different surgical techniques.
Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
Feldman HI, Burns JE, Roth DA, Berlin JA, Szczech L +4 more
Plain English This study looked at kidney transplant outcomes, specifically how race affects the function of transplanted kidneys. Researchers found that 62.6% of black transplant recipients experienced delayed kidney function compared to 48.3% of white recipients, making black recipients nearly twice as likely to face this issue. This delay can lead to worse overall survival rates for the transplanted kidneys, highlighting the need for targeted interventions to address these racial disparities.
Who this helps: This helps kidney transplant patients, especially those who are black, as well as healthcare providers focusing on equity in transplant outcomes.
Delayed function reduces renal allograft survival independent of acute rejection.
1996
Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association
Feldman HI, Gayner R, Berlin JA, Roth DA, Silibovsky R +6 more
Plain English This study looked at how delayed function of kidney transplants (when patients need dialysis in the first week after surgery) affects their long-term success. It involved 338 kidney transplant recipients and found that those with delayed function had a 72% higher risk of transplant failure compared to those without it. Additionally, acute rejection further increased the risk of failure, with nearly twice the risk in the first 30 days and over three times the risk after that.
Who this helps: This research benefits patients receiving kidney transplants by highlighting important factors that affect their transplant survival.
Dietary protein restriction and glomerular permselectivity in nephrotoxic serum nephritis.
1991
Kidney international
Neugarten J, Kozin A, Gayner R, Schacht RG, Baldwin DS
Plain English This study looked at the effects of a short-term low-protein diet on kidney function in rats with a specific type of kidney damage. The researchers found that after just three days on a low-protein diet, the rats had much lower kidney filtration rates (0.79 vs. 1.46 ml/min) and showed significantly reduced protein loss in their urine (77 mg vs. 224 mg in 24 hours), indicating improved kidney function. These findings suggest that reducing dietary protein can help kidneys filter better and may lead to less damage in similar diseases.
Who this helps: This helps patients with kidney disease and their doctors in managing treatment options.